【阅读理解】(每题3分)

　　Passage One

　　Pain is an emotional as well as physical response to injury or disease.Intense fear and anxiety are vital immediate responses that cause you to avoid sources of pain whenever possible.Sometimes,however,pain persists even when the injury or disease is no longer present.A painful feeling can become associated with constant stress,bad memories,or lasting fear.Medicine is often essential for controlling pain in the short term,but taking painkillers(止痛药)for an extended period can lead to addiction(上瘾)or serious physical side effects,including stomach and liver diseases.Your body may also build up a tolerance to a drug so that you get less benefit from it as time goes on.

　　Although you should always seek medical advice if pain is severe or continues for a long time,you can also use techniques to control it.Mind-body techniques can reduce or help control pain-with no risk of side effects.Most people relax with deep,controlled breathing to reduce the tension that comes with pain.Try lying quietly in a dark room;breathe in deeply while counting to 10,hold the breath for a moment,and then exhale slowly for a count of 10.Continue this for 10-20 minutes.Shifting your attention often reduces pain’s severity(严重程度).Try turning your attention away from the painful area,focusing instead on a non-painful part of your body.Or,imagine the pain as a big ball of energy outside your body,and make it smaller in your mind.Train yourself to replace the thoughts like“I can't stop this pain,"with positive ones such as“This pain is only temporary."

　　In this practice,you merely acknowledge the pain by actively fighting it,instead of allowing it to dominate your thoughts.

　　36Which of the following is people's natural response to pain?

　　A They tend to feel worried and frightened.    B They want to make sure it won't last long.

　　C They prefer to forget the bad memories.     D They try to find out what may cause pain.

　　正确答案是：A[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第一段第二句提到，强烈的恐惧和焦虑是至关重要的即时反应，使你尽可能避免疼痛的来源。故选A。

　　37What can be inferred about taking painkillers from Paragraph 2?

　　A It leads to addiction in a short period of time.    B It builds up the tolerance to pain.

　　C It becomes less effective over time.            D It cures stomach and liver diseases slowly.

　　正确答案是：C[解析]【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第二段第二句提到，你的身体也可能会对药物产生抗药性，随着时间的推移，药效会越来越弱。故选C。

　　38Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word“exhale"in Paragraph3?

　　A To breathe out.    B To fall asleep.    C To turn your body.    D To get up.

　　正确答案是：A[解析]【考情点拨】词义理解题。【应试指导】根据上文可推测，exhale与breathe in对应，互为反义词。故选A。

　　39What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A How to Use Your Brain to Manage Pain?      B What Is the Right Way to Shift Your Attention?

　　C What Is the Correct Way to Take Medicines?  D How to Eliminate Painkillers'Side Effects?

　　正确答案是：A[解析]【考情点拨】主旨大意题。【应试指导】文章第一段提到疼痛与压力、记忆和恐惧有关。第二段提到止痛药在短期内能起到作用。第三段提到深呼吸能够减少疼痛带来的紧张感。第四段提到转移注意力会减轻疼痛。最后一段提到这一系列的行为都是在积极地对抗疼痛感，而不是让疼痛感主宰你的思想。所以，文章主要讲的是如何用你的大脑来控制疼痛。故选A。

　　Passage Two

　　Sweden is aiming for a zero-waste society.This takes the country's recycling revolution one step further-from putting rubbish in landfills(废物填埋场)，to recycling to reusing.It is early morning.Before 31-year-old Daniel Silberstein goes to his office,he has separated out his empty cartons(纸箱)into the containers in the shared basement.It is just some of the two tons of rubbish he and his fellow Swedes recycle per person each year.

　　“The thing about recycling is that it's quite automatic.It's basically a thing you naturally do,"Silberstein says.“A big part of it is thinking about what kind of environment our daughter is going to have in the future.I am a kid of the 1990s and not recycling is kind of abnormal for us,but for my daughter's generation it will hopefully go even further.She already thinks it's fun to push the cartons into the recycling station when I take her there.”The main problem today is that many used products are hard to deal with.A new movement is gaining ground that seeks to ensure everything can be reused somehow.In 2017 the Swedish government reformed the tax system so that people could get cheaper repairs on used goods,and a Swedish clothing company operates a recycling project where customers get a discount upon handing in old clothes.Meanwhile,scientists are working on finding new clothing materials that are less damaging to the environment.

　　For Daniel Silberstein and his daughter Charlie,the future begins at home.“Friends shouldn't throw rubbish on the ground,”Charlie says,and her dad agrees:“In the future we'll look at the old style of recycling the way we look at fossil(化石)fuels and landfill sites today.It will all seem crazy.”

　　40What is the main reason for Silberstein to practice recycling?

　　A To protect the environment.  B To save more money.  C To obey the local rules.  D To follow his fellows.

　　正确答案是：A[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第四段第一句提到，西尔伯斯坦之所以进行废物回收主要是考虑到将来后代的生活环境。由此可知，他进行废物回收是为了保护环境。故选A。

　　41What is the main problem for Sweden to build a zero-waste society?

　　A The younger generation does not like used goods.    B Rubbish is often thrown on the ground.

　　C Many used goods are difficult to handle.             D The older generation is not used to recycling.

　　正确答案是：C[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第五段第一句提到，如今面临的主要问题是，许多使用过的产品很难处理。故选C。

　　42Which of the following is true about Sweden's recycling revolution?

　　A The government encourages people to store used goods.

　　B Scientists are funded in inventing new clothing materials.

　　C The kids must put the cartons into the recycling station.

　　D People may buy new clothes cheaper after returning old ones.

　　正确答案是：D[解析]【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第五段第三句提到，2017年，瑞典政府改革了税收制度，让人们可以以更低的价格修理旧物品，瑞典一家服装公司实行了一个回收计划，顾客上交旧衣服时可以获得新衣服的折扣。故选D。

　　43What is the writer's attitude towards building a zero-waste society in Sweden?

　　A Approving.   B Disappointed.   C Doubtful.    D Critical.

　　正确答案是：A[解析]【考情点拨】观点态度题。【应试指导】整篇文章都在描述瑞典为实现建立零浪费社会这一目标而采取的行动，因此作者是很支持这一行为的。故选A。

　　Passage Three

　　Welcome to Stratford-upon-Avon,home of the world's most famous writer,William Shakespeare(1564-

　　1616).

　　Stratford I s famous in history for many old buildings from the Middle Ages.Our aim is to attract you to explore our lovely town following streets that Shakespeare would have known and would still recognize.

　　Stratford-upon-Avon has been a market town since before Shakespeare's day.It was a small river crossing until it received its legal status as a town in 1196.The original crossing was close to the site of Clopton Bridge,one of the oldest bridges in the country.After 500 years,the bridge still bears traffic,which speaks of the great skill of the original builders.Today,we still have a flourishing market,held on Fridays and Saturdays.The town is also host to many other art markets throughout the year.The Royal Shakespeare Company,one of the most famous acting companies in the world,is located here.The theater provides performances of Shakespeare's plays.It also has many performing works from across the centuries and many contemporary pieces as well.If you are lucky,you will see many a famous face wandering through the town or enjoying a drink after plays in one of our many bars.

　　You may enjoy a boat trip on the river or a visit to the Butterfly Farm,one of the largest of its kind in Europe,which has collections of many extraordinary insects.An enjoyable time may be had in the Brass Rubbing Center(黄铜拓印技艺中心)，which promises that great skills are not required to produce an unusual souvenir of your visit.The center of the town has many small shops and galleries.

　　We hope you enjoy your visit to our much-loved town and that you will come back again.

　　44What can be inferred about Stratford-upon-Avon?

　　A It has served as an art market since Shakespeare's day.

　　B Its market is closed on Saturday mornings.

　　C Its streets have remained nearly the same over the centuries.

　　D It gained its legal status as a town in Shakespeare's day.

　　正确答案是：C[解析]【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第一段最后一句提到，我们的目的是吸引你沿着莎士比亚曾经熟悉的并且仍然能认出的街道，去探索这个可爱的小镇。由此可推测，这里的街道几个世纪以来几乎一直维持原样。故选C。

　　45Which place should you visit if you want to observe wonderful insects?

　　A Brass Rubbing Center.  B Royal Shakespeare Company.  C Butterfly Farm.  D Clopton Bridge.

　　正确答案是：C[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第四段第一句提到，斯特拉特福德镇的蝴蝶农场是欧洲最大的蝴蝶农场之一，那里收集了许多奇特的昆虫。故选C。

　　46What is the main purpose of this passage?

　　A To inform visitors of the places to buy souvenirs.    B To associate Stratford-upon-Avon with Shakespeare.

　　C To attract visitors to travel in Stratford-upon-Avon.  D To introduce the history of Stratford-upon-Avon.

　　正确答案是：C[解析]【考情点拨】主旨大意题。【应试指导】文章开篇点题，第一段第三句提到，我们的目的是吸引你沿着莎士比亚熟悉的街道，去探索这个可爱的小镇。故选C。

　　47Where is the passage most probably taken from?

　　A A novel.    B A tourist guide.    C A product catalog.    D A biography.

　　正确答案是：B[解析]【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第一段介绍埃文河畔的斯特拉特福德镇是莎士比亚的故乡。第二段介绍埃文河畔的斯特拉特福德镇的现状。第三段介绍皇家莎士比亚剧团。最后一段介绍小镇上的景点。由此可见，这篇文章最有可能摘自一个旅游指南。故选B。

　　Passage Four

　　My boyfriend really enjoyed canoeing(划独木舟)，and it took me a while to finally persuade him to take me on a canoe trip.Despite his great skill,he was nervous about my safety and described many terrible situations that could happen.“They could also not happen,"I said.I wanted to prove that I was tough and capable of adventuring.

　　This would be a romantic adventure.We would row the canoe on the lake under a beautiful blue sky.I was confident it would all go according to plan.It did not go as planned.Instead,it all went downhill.We hit a headwind

　　(逆风).The flies were the worst.An unknown animal outside our tent in the night forced us to get up twice to scare it away.We walked through knee-deep mud;we moved around so many fallen trees that we lost the way frequently.We had an unexpected thunderstorm on our second night.We hid in our tent from the bugs(虫子)，too tired and bitten to even hold each other.When we were finally back in the car,my skin was hot and angry with bug bites,I had barely slept in 72 hours and I had an injury on my forehead from hitting it on the canoe.

　　Yet I realized that I wanted to do it all again.Because I swam in a lake so warm it felt like a summer pool.I ate lunch on an island with the most beautiful pine trees.I'd also never before appreciated how thunder can make the ground tremble.I know why my boyfriend loves canoeing so much.It's for the challenge,the space,and the beauty of moving forward with your own two hands in a place of natural wonder.He didn't say“I love you."He said I was a good partner.I've found something that I really like to do.That's the more important thing.

　　48Why did the writer want to have a canoe trip with her boyfriend?

　　A To wait for a proposal of marriage.    B To prove she was tougher than her boyfriend.

　　C To show she had basic life skills.     D To prove her ability to meet challenges.

　　正确答案是：D[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第一段最后一句提到，作者想证明自己是坚强的，并且有能力去冒险。故选D。

　　49What does the sentence“it all went downhill"in Paragraph3mean?

　　A We rolled down the hill in the wind.      B Our canoe was turned upside down.

　　C Things became worse than expected.   D Things were brought under control.

　　正确答案是：C[解析]【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】前文提到事情没有按计划进行，后文提到我们遇到了逆风，说明事情变得比预期的更糟糕。故选C。

　　50Which of the following happened during their canoe trip?

　　A They became angry with each other.           B They were wounded by a wild animal.

　　C They held each other to keep warm in the tent.  D They often lost their way in the forest.

　　正确答案是：D[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第三段第五句提到，我们走过齐膝深的泥泞，也经常迷路，绕着倒下的树打转。故选D。

　　51What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A An Exciting Forest Adventure    B An Extraordinary Canoe Trip

　　C Canoeing-An Outdoor Sport     D A Place of Natural Wonder

　　正确答案是：B[解析]【考情点拨】主旨大意题。【应试指导】第一段提到作者说服她的男朋友带她去划独木舟。第二段提到作者期望这是一次浪漫的冒险。第三段提到事情并没有计划中的那么顺利，他们经历了迷路、雷雨等意外事件。第四段提到作者理解她的男朋友为什么喜欢划独木舟，因为这是一种挑战。因此文章主要讲的是一次特别的独木舟之旅。故选D。

　　Passage Five

　　Health care experts have long drawn attention to the problems of eating too much salt.There is strong evidence that a diet high in salt can lead to raised blood pressure.Since high blood pressure is a major factor in heart disease,it makes sense to cut down on the salt people eat.

　　In the past,food contained very little salt,and people added it to their food at the table.Very few people add salt this way nowadays.However,the salt content of processed foods has gone up dramatically.It's now estimated that over three-quarters of the salt in the average diet comes from processed foods,eaten without our being aware of it.

　　Salt is added to food partly to extend shelf-life,but more often it's dropped in to make up for the flavor lost in the manufacturing process.This is especially true of ready meals and highly processed foods,but it's also true of such basic food as biscuits,soups,and even bread.Much mass-produced bread,for instance,contains so much salt-half a gram for every hundred grams of bread-that it's officially classified by the UK government as high-salt food.Salt has to be added to the bread because fast production cuts down the time for the flavor to develop.Without added salt,the bread would taste like paper.

　　In the UK,the government has launched a campaign to cut down on the salt people eat.The UK Food Standards Agency argues that nearly half of the UK's population eat too much salt-9.5g a day on average.Its aim is to bring down the average to 6g a day.

　　The idea is to cut the salt content in 85 key food categories such as bread,meat,and cakes.

　　52What is the main reason for reducing salt in food?

　　A To improve the flavor of food.      B To decrease the time for processing food.

　　C To extend the shelf-life of food.    D To protect people against heart diseases.

　　正确答案是：D[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第一段第二、三句提到，强有力的证据表明，高盐饮食会导致血压升高，由于高血压是引发心脏病的一个主要因素，因此人们应减少盐的摄入量。故选D。

　　53What can be inferred about people's use of salt in the past?

　　A People used salt to control blood pressure.         B People ate much salt in their average diet.

　　C People were clear about the harmful effect of salt.   D People didn't eat so much salt as we do today.

　　正确答案是：D[解析]【考情点拨】推理判断题。【应试指导】文章第二段提到，过去食物中的含盐量很低，人们只会在做饭的时候加入适量的盐，而现在的加工食品的含盐量过高，人们日常饮食中超过四分之三的盐来自加工食品。因此过去人们盐的摄入量比现在要少。故选D。

　　54Which of the following is classified as high-salt food by the UK government?

　　A Mass-produced bread.    B Light-cooked meat.    C Sweet biscuits.    D Fresh vegetables.

　　正确答案是：A[解析]【考情点拨】事实细节题。【应试指导】文章第三段第三句提到，批量生产的面包含盐量很高，每100克面包含半克盐，因此批量生产的面包被英国政府正式列为高盐食品。故选A。

　　55What is the passage mainly about?

　　A Salt and food flavor.  B Salt and people's lifestyle.  C Salt and food processing.  D Salt and people's health.

　　正确答案是：D[解析]【考情点拨】主旨大意题。【应试指导】文章第一段提到摄入过多的盐可能会导致高血压、心脏病。第二段提到现在人们盐的摄入量比过去多。第三段提到在食品中添加盐，部分是为了延长保质期，但更多时候是为了弥补在制造过程中失去的味道。第四段提到英国政府发起了一项减少人们盐的摄入量的运动。由此可知，文章主要讨论了盐的摄入量与人们的健康相关。故选D。

　　56【补全对话题】(总分15分)

　　A.I am free on Sunday.

　　B.See you then!

　　C.Where are you planning to go?

　　D.No,thanks.E.I need a break!

　　F.Would you like to join us?

　　G.That is a lovely place.

　　H.When shall we leave?

　　Daniel:How are you doing,Linda?

　　Linda:To be honest,I am really tired of my work at the moment.____56__

　　Daniel:My friends and I are planning a trip on Sunday.___57___

　　Linda:Sure,I'd love to.____58__

　　Daniel:The Golden Beach.We will have a picnic there.It will be fun!

　　Linda:I can't wait!___59___

　　Daniel:Eight o'clock in the morning.We'll pick you up at your place.

　　Linda:Great!____60__

　　正确答案是：[解析]56.【答案】E57.【答案】F58.【答案】C59.【答案】H60.【答案】B

　　57【作文题】(总分25分)

　　Directions:For this part,you are supposed to write an e-mail in about 100-120 words based on the following situation.Remember to write it clearly.学校将组织一次英语演讲比赛，打算邀请外教(John)来做评委。请你(Li Yuan)给他写一封e-mail,内容包括：·邀请他担任评委(judge);·告知他比赛安排（如：时间、地点等）；·希望他赛后进行点评；·期待他能接受邀请。

　　正确答案是：[解析]写作评分标准1.评分原则：(1)本题总分为25分，分五档给分。(2)评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后根据该档次的具体要求给分。(3)纳入第五档的作文应取得至少两位阅卷教师的认可。(4)字数不足100或超出120的，酌情扣1分~2分。(5)拼写与标点符号的准确性视其对表达的影响程度予以评分。英、美式拼写均可。(6)如书写较差，以致影响表达，将分数降低一个档次。2.评分标准：